15 results
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis ... i.e. giving IV fluids ... significantly improve renal ... urine Na+ (<10 mEq ... #HRS #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... - RenalUrine ... low/normal Type ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 4 - 

Failure to acidify urine in collecting duct
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal ... Failure to acidify urine ... mechanistically to K ... #Hyperkalemic #Diagnosis ... #Management #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... depress, ↑PR ↑QRS ... lysis) ± Urine ... STOP offending medications
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... Hyaline casts - Any type ... disorders or excreted medications ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
BRASH Syndrome

B - Bradycardia
R - Renal failure
A - AV nodal blockade
S - Shock
H - Hyperkalemia

Typical ECG
Bradycardia R - Renal ... hyperkalemia) BRASH Treatment ... • Aggressive treatment ... and drives K+ intracellularly ... BRASH #Syndrome #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Failure • SLE • Type ... Medications 2. ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Prostate cancer • Medications ... #differential #diagnosis ... kidney #blood #urine ... #management #treatment ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Failure • SLE • Type ... Medications 2. ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
- Differential Diagnosis ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... Osmotic Diuresis: HHS