11 results
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Metabolic Brain ... and Cingulate Cortex ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
through the blood-brain ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... reversible • HAND is also ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... aminotransferases • Serology ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lung nodules, may also ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... Autoimmune (SLE/APLS ... Blood cultures/serology ... heart valves • MRI ... Blood cultures/serology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
include the entire cortex ... toxic or metabolic disorder ... psychological disorder ... Classification #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Signs
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential Diagnosis ... hypothalamus, and visual cortex ... : • Traumatic brain ... meningeal irritation signs ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Bilateral signs ... ruled out • Brain ... brain and/or optic ... #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
syndromes such as ... impairment, Mood disorder ... resonance imaging [MRI ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology