14 results
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Metabolic Brain ... and Cingulate Cortex ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
syndromes such as ... impairment, Mood disorder ... resonance imaging [MRI ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #neurology #treatment
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lung nodules, may also ... : • Multiple Sclerosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
affecting the brain ... is important, as ... disease • Multiple sclerosis ... optica spectrum disorder ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ... finding of lateral sclerosis ... of UMN and LMN signs ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... #neurology #diagnosis
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
through the blood-brain ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... reversible • HAND is also ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... aminotransferases • Serology ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... Autoimmune (SLE/APLS ... Blood cultures/serology ... heart valves • MRI ... Blood cultures/serology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... ruled out • Brain ... brain and/or optic ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... #management #neurology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
include the entire cortex ... toxic or metabolic disorder ... psychological disorder ... Classification #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Signs