21 results
Findings in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Different Causes of Meningitis

#CSF #Fluid #Analysis #Interpretation #Meningitis #Normal #Bacterial #Viral
Fluid in Different Causes ... #CSF #Fluid #Analysis ... #Interpretation
Hepatitis B Virus Serology and Interpretation
HBsAg - Anti-HBs - Anti-HBc - HBeAg - Anti-HBe
 - Acute
Virus Serology and Interpretation ... (about 10% of cases ... HBV #Serology #Interpretation ... #diagnosis #laboratory
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
arrhythmias and paralysis ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #differential #potassium
Blood gas analysis
Metabolic alkalosis
Measured urine CI
< 10 mEq/L
Saline responsive
> 10 mEg/L
Not saline responsive
- Vomiting or NG
Blood gas analysis ... suction Endocrine cause ... H+ loss Renal cause ... Gitelman syndrome - Potassium
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... exposure Symptoms: Nausea ... High Lactate, Low Potassium ... 4.5 mmol/L 5) Dialysis
Tumor Lysis Syndrome - Workup and Management

Initial workup: BMP, Serum uric acid, LDH, Urine output, Consider
creatinine ratio Laboratory ... ≥ 8 mg/dL • Potassium ... every 4-6 hrs • Dialysis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... Hyperkalemia Periodic paralysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... Hyperkalemia Periodic paralysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe ... Management #Summary #causes