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Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Emergency Management ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... clinical scenario, ECG ... and rate of rise ... #management #algorithm
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
dose at weekly intervals ... necessary at 1-wk intervals ... sodium intake; risk ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
, changes on ECG ... patients are at risk ... Figure 3 is an algorithm ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... #Management #Medications
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... depress, ↑PR ↑QRS intervals ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
An acute rise or ... with previously stable ... hypertension and no other risk ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
- Allergies to medications ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... indicated • EKG ... Obtain EKG if: ... medical and surgical management
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Risk factors 3. ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... the underlying cause ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management