31 results
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Causes of Severe ... Acute Liver Injury ... - Ichemic hepatitis ... - Acute biliary ... #Differential #Hepatology
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... syndrome, Massive liver ... syndrome SAAG < 1.1: Biliary ... albumin #gradient #hepatology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic liver ... or chronic hepatitis ... Failure, Pancreatic, Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Cholangitis • Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis #Hepatomegaly ... #Causes #Hepatology
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Inflammation - Hepatitis ... congenital - Primary biliary ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... #Differential #Hepatology ... #Cirrhosis #Causes
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... > 50x normal - Ischemic ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... #Patterns #Liver ... #Injury #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... #Causes
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... for alternative causes ... disease, Hepatic ischaemia ... disorder (e.g. ascites ... #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
of portal HTN: ascites ... portal HTN: • Ascites ... /acute hepatitis ... pregnancy • Primary biliary ... #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
- Alcoholic hepatitis ... - Massive liver ... Tuberculosis - Biliary ... associated with bowel ischemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology