9 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Other • ATN: Ischemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... + myoglobin AKI ... perfusion → renal ischemia ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Renal Losses (AKI ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
attention to volume status ... 3 questions to work ... Assess volume status ... demyelination syndrome ... #management #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Drugs (Statins), ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... decreased renal renal ischemia ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
/crush injury, ischemia ... , RTA Type IV, AI ... reabsorption) Workup ... Optimize volume status ... #potassium #nephrology
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
which all carry treatment ... mimic the “Starved state ... hormones that work ... for Refeeding Syndrome ... #differential #algorithm