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diagnosis differential causes management high hypernatremia rhabdomyolysis sodium criticalcare foamed hypokalemia k summary
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... perfusion → renal ischemia ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... burns, trauma - Ischemic ... - Hyperosmolar states ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... burns, trauma - Ischemic ... - Hyperosmolar states ... #high #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
attention to volume status ... 3 questions to work ... Assess volume status ... demyelination syndrome ... #management #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Drugs (Statins), ... decreased renal renal ischemia ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
/crush injury, ischemia ... reabsorption) Workup ... Optimize volume status ... ileus/obstruction (ischemia ... #potassium #nephrology
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
which all carry treatment ... hormones that work ... for Refeeding Syndrome ... provided the starting potassium ... #differential #algorithm
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