15 results
Causes of Abnormal PT and/or aPTT
Prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)
1. Acquired deficiency of FVII
Causes of Abnormal ... Early liver disease ... Reduced liver synthesis ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #hematology #coagulation
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Tests - Differential ... Drugs, Viral, Ischemia ... - CBD stone, Biliary ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Differential Diagnosis for a Prolonged PT and aPTT
If the PT and the aPTT are both prolonged,
Differential Diagnosis ... • Reduced liver ... amyloidosis #Abnormal ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #hematology #coagulation
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... - Differential ... Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... disease US — Normal ... Duct Stone • Biliary
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis/Liver ... failure PBC Signs ... or higher • Liver ... bile ducts Differential
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... symptoms/signs ... include extrahepatic biliary ... #Algorithm #Hepatology ... #Differential #
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... significant portal HTN Signs ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... pregnancy • Primary biliary
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... short posterior ciliary ... Clinical manifestations ... Doppler US : halo sign ... efficacy of GCs Abnormal
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... organ damage Clinical ... DIC • Severe Liver ... INR < 2.3 - APTT ... treatment #management #hematology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... congenital defects) -> Abnormal ... anti-coagulation • Hematologic ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs