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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
alarm symptoms • Dysphagia ... : • Anemia • Dysphagia ... history of Barrett esophagus ... Disease #diagnosis #management ... #Gastroenterology
Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Causes of Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
 • Neuromuscular causes: CVA/CNS tumor/ALS, Parkinson's,
Non-relaxation of EG ... junction: Achalasia ... Hypercontractile Esophagus ... from esophagitis (GERD ... Diagnosis #causes #gastroenterology
Achalasia Summary

Epidemiology: 10 cases per 100,000 individuals

Defined by inadequate relaxation of the LES and aperistalsis
Primary or
Presentation: • Dysphagia ... sphincter to relax EGD ... GERD 2. ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #gastroenterology
Diagnosis and Management of Achalasia - ACG Guidelines

Who to suspect?
 • Patients presenting with progressive dysphagia
Diagnosis and Management ... with progressive dysphagia ... diagnosed with GERD ... • Endoscopy to look ... ACG #Guidelines #gastroenterology
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Symptom | Diagnosis
• Solid-food dysphagia present for months to years | Mechanical
Extrinsic to esophagus ... disorder such as achalasia ... Treatment • ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #gastroenterology
Esophageal Necrosis
Etiology:
 - Ischemia and Gastric Outlet Obstruction with GERD may be inciting events
 - Associated
Necrosis Etiology: - Ischemia ... Obstruction with GERD ... symptoms include dysphagia ... Diagnosis: - EGD ... #gastroenterology
Gastroenterology Endoscopy Tools and Accessories - A Visual Catalog for Trainees and Young Gastroenterologists
Biopsy Forceps:
Gastroenterology ... mucosa Stricture Management ... for palliative treatment ... : • ESOPHAGO-GASTRO-DUODENOSCOPE ... #accessories #EGD