11 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
of the weakened capillary ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Definition: acute ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
vasoconstrictive • Acute ... fluffy white ischemic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Impaired extra-ocular ... nerves -> Afferent pupillary ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
- Differential Diagnosis ... Cataracts - Macula: Macular ... pituitary tumor) Acute ... Vein Occlusion, Ischemic ... #causes #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
trucking" • Acute ... retinal edema caused ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
normal: - extra-ocular ... position - pupillary ... Periorbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... excessive pulmonary capillary ... Causes include: ... • Negative for ischemic
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Acute Closed Angle ... -> crowding of ocular ... damage & blindness Signs ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... - ACS, AKI, acute ... limb ischemia, ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis