14 results
Sickle Cell Disease - Pathophysiology of disease and complications 

Due to the deformed shape, HbS induces
- Pathophysiology ... complications ... organs leading to ischemia ... #Complications ... #Hematology #Sequelae
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Bone/Joint Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Vaso-occlusive pain:
 • Mechanism: ischemic pain
 • Can present
Causes of Bone/Joint ... in Sickle Cell Disease ... • Mechanism: ischemic ... other orthopedic complications ... #hematology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... • Cholestatic disease ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Cerebrovascular Disease ... , PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
• Inflammatory Disease ... anti-coagulation • Hematologic ... retinal edema caused ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... involvement: Anti-GBM Disease ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #rheumatology
Treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1st Line Strategy - GC 0.7 mg/kg/day, except for:
 • Aortitis
mg/kg/day • Ischemic ... complications - ... MTX or TCZ in case ... #Indications #rheumatology ... #2ndline