30 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... re-vascularize the ischemic ... causes upregulation ... #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause ... : Diabetic retinopathy ... ) #Clinical #Ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
a mass as the cause ... • Diabetes Mellitus ... • Diabetes Mellitus ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
degeneration - Retina: Diabetic ... Artery Occlusion, Central ... Vein Occlusion, Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #ophthalmology
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... embolism • Cardiac ischemia ... Hematologic Causes ... Inflammation • Central ... • Sepsis • Psychiatric
Transient Monocular Vision loss - Differential Diagnosis
Ischemia	
 - Large artery disease (atherothrombosis, embolus, dissection).
  -
disease (anterior ischemic ... Caused by decreased ... Ocular causes - ... floaters obscuring central ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of Diabetes ... Insipidus Central ... or neurogenic diabetes ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... is aimed at the psychiatric
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
retinal edema caused ... by ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
frequent urination (diabetes ... Sores, scars, calluses ... inducing vomiting #BulimiaNervosa ... #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #psychiatry
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... patients with diabetes ... weeks), altered mental