15 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... causes upregulation ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes ... #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause ... : Diabetic retinopathy ... ) #Clinical #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy ... fluffy white ischemic ... #Hypertensive #Retinopathy ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
a mass as the cause ... • Diabetes Mellitus ... • Diabetes Mellitus ... • Diabetes Mellitus ... #Ophthalmology
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
degeneration - Retina: Diabetic ... retinopathy, ... Vein Occlusion, Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #ophthalmology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
degeneration • Diabetic ... Concussion Other Causes ... hyperviscosity syndrome, diabetes ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #causes
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis ... Glycosylation - AGE cause ... Oxidative stress, Ischemia ... neuropathy => Diabetic ... #DiabeticFoot #pathophysiology
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
Macular Edema: • Diabetic ... Retinopathy (Background ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
frequent urination (diabetes ... Sores, scars, calluses ... inducing vomiting #BulimiaNervosa ... #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #psychiatry
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
retinal edema caused ... by ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology