9 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... spread • Sub-retinal ... • Secondary glaucoma ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
causes fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Drugs Used for the Treatment of COVID-19 Infection

** Editor Note (from ophthalmology MD input) - Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine
Drugs Used for the Treatment ... Editor Note (from ophthalmology ... someone who had retinal ... #COVID19 #Pharmacology ... #Table #Management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... renal ischemia ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... per day until stable ... Summary #causes #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
HAGMA • Late complication ... ischemia 2. ... oxidative injury Treatment ... Treatment of underlying ... per day until stable
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Secondary Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Open-Angle Secondary Glaucoma:
 • Pre-trabecular defect -> Aqueous outflow is obstructed
influx and NO in retinal ... nerve head - Ischemic ... > Apoptosis of retinal ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Risk factors -> Incr IOP, Incr age, African-American
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma ... influx and NO in retinal ... nerve head - Ischemic ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology