13 results
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Demyelinating Disease ... Motor Nerves: ALS ... heavy metals), Critical ... Mitochondrial myopathy, Muscular ... dystrophy, Myotonic
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... narrowing and vascular ... damaged BRB appears as ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
Pathogenesis and clinical ... choroidal bed -> Ischemia ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... Asymptomatic (early disease ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
While the pathophysiology ... flexion occurs as ... despite severe disease ... #Meningitis #Clinical ... #PhysicalExam #Pediatrics
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... Medium and large also ... retinal tears, Ischemia ... Recurrent and chronic ... diagnosis #management #signs
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of the clinical ... lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... Presentation: - Disease ... course of the disease ... 4) progressive muscular
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Oxidative stress, Ischemia ... disease and neuropathy ... neurovascular disease ... #DiabeticFoot #pathophysiology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
thigh bones -> chronic ... adult population: also ... Malnutrition • Wilson's disease ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... loss of teeth • Muscular
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
Clinical suspicion ... the extent of disease ... Amyloidosis Clinical ... macroglossia Nails: • Dystrophy ... fatigue • Nail dystrophy
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis: • Purpura, ischemic ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulse deficits vascular ... Eosinophilia, asthma, chronic ... aneurysms can also