45 results
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Diagnosis and Causes ... • Clinical presentation ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... differential diagnosis: Ischernic ... cause, vasospasm
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
Arrythmias, Peripheral ischemia ... is not desired (e.g ... is not desired (e.g ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... #pharmacology #criticalcare
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) is one of several disorders of the electrical system of the heart that
WPW is caused by ... #Pathophysiology ... Cardiology #MedStudent #EKG ... ShortPR #Criteria #ECGEducator
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... re-vascularize the ischemic ... Localized retinal ischemia ... causes upregulation ... complications #pathophysiology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... hyalinization causes ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
hypoxia) - Low PaO2 ISCHEMIC ... stagnant hypoxia (e.g ... carrying capacity (e.g ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #pathophysiology
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
arrhythmia: - EKG ... - Myocardial ischemia ... incongruous with clinical ... context & EKG) ... Hypokalemia #Management #CriticalCare
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... hypertension (e.g ... - Myocardial ischemia ... type-II myocardial ischemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #CriticalCare
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
, - regional ischemia ... of lactate as a clinical ... a multitude of clinical ... the appropriate clinical ... - regional ischemia