41 results
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... that will cause ischemia ... cyclophosphamide • Ischemic ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... • Cholestatic disease ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
hepatitis • Ischemic ... distinguishes ischemic ... injury • Demand ischemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... associated with any symptoms
Sickle Cell Disease - Pathophysiology of disease and complications 

Due to the deformed shape, HbS induces
Sickle Cell Disease ... Pathophysiology of disease ... organs leading to ischemia ... #SickleCell #Disease ... Complications #Hematology
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
glomerulopathy, cirrhosis ... Chain deposition disease ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #differential #hematology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Dehydration • Symptoms ... changes, stroke symptoms ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... tumor burden • Symptoms ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy
 •
cyst, Caroli's disease ... sludge), Mirizzi's syndrome ... Parasitic infection, Ischaemic ... differential #diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Bone/Joint Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Vaso-occlusive pain:
 • Mechanism: ischemic pain
 • Can present
in Sickle Cell Disease ... • Mechanism: ischemic ... Pain #SickleCell #Disease ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... retinal tears, Ischemia ... management #signs #symptoms ... #rheumatology #
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
>1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... Veno-occlusive disease ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... associated with bowel ischemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology