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Brudzinski's sign is a physically demonstrable symptom of meningitis. It is characterized by reflexive flexion of
Brudzinski's sign ... physically demonstrable symptom ... #Brudzinskis #sign ... clinical #video #neurology ... #meningitis #physicalexam
Traditionally, we have been taught to examine for Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs when examining patients with
for Kernig’s and Brudzinski ... #Diagnosis #Kernigs ... #Brudzinskis #Signs ... #PhysicalExam # ... Meningitis
Diagnostic Testing for Meningitis
History:
 • Triad: Fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status
 • Sens: 44%
for Meningitis ... up); Spec: 95% Brudzinski ... Sign • Passively ... Shake head will headache ... #physicalexam #
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... infection (e.g., meningitis ... #Algorithm #neurology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Autonomic symptoms ... photophobia • Meningitis ... meningeal irritation signs ... ophthalmology #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... : • Headache ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... #neurology #meningitis
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
myalgia, arthralgia, headache ... • Heralded by neurologic ... SSX (lymphocytic meningitis ... Lyme #Disease #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
symptom of something ... Infection (e.g., meningitis ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs ... #Diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... lesions, aseptic meningitis ... ), MCC CNS symptoms ... (headache and diplopia ... #management #signs