11 results
Folate Deficiency - Causes of Decreased Folic Acid
↓ Intake: Diet, Age, Alcohol
↑ Demand: Pregnancy, Infancy, Hemolysis,
Folate Deficiency ... Decreased Folic Acid ... Absorption: Coeliac disease ... Enteritis, Jejunal resection ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
pylori-associated gastritis Surgery ... , coeliac disease ... Transcobalamin II deficiency ... #VitaminB12 #deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Peptic Ulcer Disease
 • H. Pylori
 • NSAIDs
 • Gastric adenocarcinoma
 • Gastric lymphoma
of Peptic Ulcer Disease ... neck of a hiatus hernia ... previous gastric surgery ... Peptic #Ulcer #Disease ... #differential #diagnosis
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... Previous upper bowel resection ... /bariatric surgery ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency ... #diagnosis #signs
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
sources of ammonia production ... decompensated liver disease ... - Valproic acid ... Primary carnitine deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Excessive unregulated production ... seen in several disease ... consequence of fatty acid ... complete insulin deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
- Differential Diagnosis ... , deficiency of ... anemia, folic acid ... cardiovascular surgery ... #differential #diagnosis
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ... Summary GERD: Diagnosis ... sensation) and acid ... Before antireflux surgery ... Treatment: • Weight reduction
Extrapulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis.
a. Endobronchial cobblestones (a nodular appearance of the tracheal wall mucosa). 
b. Diffuse
Perthes—Jüngling disease ... Lupus pernio (a ... Sarcoidal reaction ... clinical #photo #diagnosis
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
ACD • Monitor & ... ileal Crohn's/resection ... restricted diet/deficiency ... fatigue despite disease ... IBD #Algorithm #diagnosis