11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Gross hematuria + clots ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria • Signs ... artery embolism
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... Interpretation Steps for Blood ... Differentials? ... - Rapid saline infusion ... Classically” noted with pulmonary
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... injury), Coags ... LVEF, pericardial effusion ... reveals increasing blood ... #differential #
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... removal from the blood ... injury in the production ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... output - Acute pulmonary
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... Traumatic brain injury ... nervous system injury ... insufficiency shortly after ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... or acute kidney injury ... bruit or signs ... : Renal artery stenosis ... #Differential #
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
bronchial wall injury ... Nasal polyps and signs ... • Pulmonary artery ... abnormal in adults • Blood ... #differential #
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Pseudohyperkalemia
 - Tourniquet use
 - Hemolysis (in vitro)
 - Leukocytosis
 - Thrombocytosis
Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Transfusion of aged blood ... Cell destruction after ... Rhabdomyolysis/crush injury ... #diagnosis #differential
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
and renal abnormalities ... tract, and often causes ... Superficial temporal artery ... purpura: strong sign ... Large Vessel: Blood
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
lower risk of renal ... Pulmonary Artery ... cardiac output causes ... • PULMONARY A ... precede other signs