16 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential Diagnosis ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Neuropathy • Metabolic ... Hypothyroidism • Medication-induced ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #leg #physicalexam
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... circulation: MCA ACA ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... #neurology