17 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Eric Strong https ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... starts by measuring ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential ... : • Vascular: Stroke ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... , Hypocalcemia,
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... Eric Strong https ... #Differential # ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... exercise, Heat stroke ... #Causes #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
, mild hypomagnesemia ... (renal potassium ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Diarrhea B. ... Potassium-sparing ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential