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Causes of Syncope and Transient Loss of Consciousness

#Syncope #Differential #LOC #Causes #Diagnosis
#Differential #LOC
Loss of Consciousness in Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Syncopal causes:
• Orthostatic syncope
• Reflex syncope
• Cardiac arrhythmia
•
Consciousness #Syncope #LOC
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Symptoms are non-specific:
 - Headache 90%
 - Nausea/vomiting 50%
 - Vertigo 50%
 - Altered
50% - Altered LOC
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)
Total Score 0-42
1a. Level of consciousness
1b. LOC questions
1c. LOC commands
2.
LOC questions 1c ... LOC commands 2.
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
neck, altered LOC ... stiffness, altered LOC
Wernicke's Encephalopathy 
CLINICAL TRIAD: only seen in 1/4 pts 
W.E. is often under diagnosed 
1. ENCEPHALOPATHY
. 5% have decr LOC
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
System - Decreased LOC
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
compensate for low ... impaired Jane Lock
CHALICE Predictors of Clinically Significant Head Iniury 
History 
 - Witnessed LOC > 5min 
 -
- Witnessed LOC
Statin Intensities

Basic refresher of statin intensities! One common thing I see a lot is patients being
thing I see a lot ... High #Moderate #Low