32 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... Localized retinal ischemia ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... inhabitants 3rd leading cause ... glaucoma and retinal ischemia ... Causes of uveitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Bilateral Ballism on Neurological Examination - Movement Disorders

In this case caused by Bilateral limb-shaking transient ischemic
Disorders In this case ... caused by Bilateral ... limb-shaking transient ischemic ... Ballismus #Ballism #LSTIA
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Transient Monocular Vision loss - Differential Diagnosis
Ischemia	
 - Large artery disease (atherothrombosis, embolus, dissection).
  -
Differential Diagnosis Ischemia ... disease (anterior ischemic ... Caused by decreased ... Ocular causes - ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... Ophthalmoplegic migraine, Ischemic ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
a mass as the cause ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
URT inflammation causes ... severe swelling causes ... severe swelling causes ... leading to organ ischemia ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause ... ) #Clinical #Ophthalmology