7 results
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
ventricular hypertrophy, pericardial ... thrombus • Digoxin ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Mechanical heart valve ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... endocarditis (vegetations ... )/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... formation • Other vegetations ... -mm left sided vegetations ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #management
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
and Functional Mitral ... Vegetations seen ... plane into left atrium ... valve - Secondary ... dyssynchrony which may lead
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram (A4C)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic limb. PMHx
on Echocardiogram ... considered (principally vegetation ... are not POCUS: serial ... are all of some value ... #Cardiac #LV #Echocardiogram
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram Short-Axis View (PSAX)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic
on Echocardiogram ... considered (principally vegetation ... are not POCUS: serial ... are all of some value ... #Cardiac #LV #Echocardiogram
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... occlusion that may lead ... formation • Other vegetations ... -mm left sided vegetations