9 results
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
against the drop in pH ... K+ in the ECF causes ... when we take it ... management #diagnosis #treatment ... #pharmacology #
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
of lactate as a clinical ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - HIV/HAART medications
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
with presence of pulmonary ... the treatment goal ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... #clinical #pharmacology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... gastric acidity, medications ... pernicious anemia, PA ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... Check for IF ab Treatment
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Framework and Clinical ... Manifestations Causes ... HF • Moderate pulmonary ... /confusion - WE ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Clinical • Under-recognized ... orthopnea, PND, LE ... management #cardiology #treatment
Severe functional TR (w/o color and CW Doppler) on TTE 2D and 3D
How do we estimate
and 3D How do we ... estimate Pulmonary ... this particular case ... TR jet in cases ... regurgitation #3D #clinical
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... salivary ducts Clinical ... amyloidosis, PAH ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment ... lubricants • Pharmacologic
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
abnormalities PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... arteriovenous shunting causes ... of orthodeoxia CLINICAL ... - decrease in PaO ... the left heart TREATMENT