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Dizziness - Central and Peripheral Causes - Differential Diagnosis
Central Causes:
 • Cerebrovascular:  vertebrobasilar, TIA, Wallenburg,
- Central and Peripheral ... Malformation Peripheral ... Meniere’s • Labyrinthitis ... Dizziness #Central #Peripheral
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central ... Causes of Vertigo Peripheral ... neuritis (a.k.a. labyrinthitis ... / #Vertigo #Peripheral
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Characteristics of Peripheral ... Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL ... vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis ... hearing loss (labyrinthitis ... Findings: Rarely #Peripheral
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
Dizziness and Vertigo Peripheral ... Vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis ... hearing loss (labyrinthitis
Dizziness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Vertigo:
 • Peripheral: Labyrinthitis, BPPV, Meniere's disease, Alternobaric
 • Central: CVA/TIA -
Framework Vertigo: • Peripheral ... : Labyrinthitis,
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Rotary Movement Peripheral ... Positional Vertigo • Labrynthitis
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL ... Vestibular neuritis/ labyrinthitis ... #Peripheral #Central
Labyrinthitis 
Vestibular neuritis + unilateral hearing loss = Labyrinthitis 
1) Vertigo (severe) 
2) Gait instability 
3)
Labyrinthitis ... hearing loss = Labyrinthitis ... head thrust #Labyrinthitis
Differentiating Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) From Vestibular Neuritis-Labyrinthitis
BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO
 • Age: More common
Vestibular Neuritis-Labyrinthitis ... VESTIBULAR NEURITIS/LABYRINTHITIS ... hearing loss in labyrinthitis ... vestibular neuritis or labyrinthitis ... Vestibular #Neuritis #Labyrinthitis
Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

1 Anterior Horn Cell
2 Spinal Roots and Nerves 
3 Peripheral Nerve—Mono-neuropathy  
4
Peripheral Nervous ... and Nerves 3 Peripheral ... Nerve—Mono-neuropathy 4 Peripheral ... 6 Muscle #Peripheral