3539 results
Lactic Acidosis - Overview and Pathophysiology
Lactic acid is an endogenous substrate for gluconeogenesis, that is constantly
- Overview and Pathophysiology ... Lactate is the conjugate ... why LR does not cause ... as an arterial lactate ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... increased pyruvate and lactate ... Increased pyruvate & lactate ... - Increased Lactate ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... The most common causes ... - Many other causes ... Causes of elevated ... Causes of Lactate
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Lactated Ringers ... mEq/L • Sodium lactate ... mEq • Sodium Lactate ... shift • Saline Causes ... • Saline May Cause
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
Oxoproline L - L-Lactate ... D - D-Lactate ... #differential #causes
Crystalloid Composition - Normal Saline, Ringer's Lactate, Hartmann's Solution, PlasmaLyte

Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl- 
Acetate 
Lactate 
Gluconate 
Bicarbonate
Saline, Ringer's Lactate ... Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl- Acetate ... Lactate Gluconate ... #LR #Ringers #Lactated
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
30ml.kg-1 or blood lactate ... likely underlying cause ... including blood gas, lactate ... devices could have caused ... Check serial lactates
Jaundice - Pathophysiology and Causes

- Amy Chung, MD, MSc @AmyChung 

#Jaundice #Pathophysiology #Differential #Unconjugated #Causes #Diagnosis
Jaundice - Pathophysiology ... and Causes - ... #Jaundice #Pathophysiology ... #Unconjugated #Causes
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Plasma-Lyte - Causes ... - Causes lactic ... - Serum lactate ... - Can cause a NAGMA
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
acetaminophen use L-lactate ... metabolism D-lactate ... salicylate toxicity causes