18 results
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Differential #
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine • 1ml blood ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #blood
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential ... Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine microscopy ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age • 22 and 45 cases ... Peripheral Smear ... vitamin B12 or folic acid ... count with differential ... smear • Bone marrow
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
and Management Summary ... extrapulmonary cases ... symptoms of active pulmonary ... Detection of AFB by smear ... microscopy Management
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... smooth muscle cells ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Steps for Blood ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Interpretation #Diagnosis #Summary ... #Nephrology #ABG
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Syndromes - OnePager Summary ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
oxygen in the blood ... CYTOPATHIC HYPOXIA - Cells ... Hypoxia #Hypoxemia #summary ... #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #causes