19 results
Examples of varying granular and granular/waxy mixed casts: 
A: coarse granular/broad-waxy (and surrounding white blood cells);
granular/waxy mixed casts ... surrounding white blood ... cells); B: light ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #Clinical
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... and parasites (infections ... • Red blood cells ... • Urinary casts ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... glomerulonephritis • Post-Infectious
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
Urine Microscopy ... presence of protein, blood ... esterase • Fill conical ... or casts and will ... protein matrix of casts
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Clinical Presentation ... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... sensitize red blood ... cells (RBCs) at ... passage of red-brown urine
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age • 22 and 45 cases ... age 70 years Symptoms ... petechiae) • Frequent infections ... • Parvovirus infection ... abnormal under a microscope
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
Pathogenesis and clinical ... immunity Signs/Symptoms ... in blood and bone ... susceptibility to infection ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
: UA, Urine protein ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... or serologies + symptoms ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Findings - Infectious ... endothelial lining of blood ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... • Other symptoms ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: