11 results
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion
Alcoholic ketoacidosis - Methanol - Ethylene glycol - Isopropyl Alcohol
 • Metabolic Acidosis
 •
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion ... • Metabolic Acidosis ... Gap • Serum / Urine ... diagnosis #toxicology #comparison ... #table
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... in tumor lysis syndrome ... ethylene glycol ingestion ... #Microscopy #Crystals ... #comparison #table
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
• Parvovirus infection ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... abnormal under a microscope ... marrow studies Treatment ... Immunosuppressive treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Weakness - Dark urine ... kidney tubular cells ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Statins), ETOH Infection ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Redistribution: Acidosis ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... hyperchloremic acidosis ... Drives K+ into cells
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... Anti-GBM antibody • Urine ... : UA, Urine protein ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
excretion (e.g., urine ... e.g., uptake by cells ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
status and low urine ... & Dry) is the treatment ... acute coronary syndrome ... & Dry” is the treatment ... #table #foamed
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... apical membrane of cells ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment