9 results
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... promoted by acidic urine ... in tumor lysis syndrome ... #Microscopy #Crystals ... #comparison #table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... Weakness - Dark urine ... kidney tubular cells ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... Redistribution Treatments ... Drives K+ into cells
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
goals of acute treatment ... potassium into cells ... Figure 3 is an algorithm ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... #Treatment
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
(correction of hypokalemia ... test (with 24-h urine ... scan of abdomen/pelvis ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Screening #Workup #table
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
status and low urine ... & Dry) is the treatment ... acute coronary syndrome ... #differential #algorithm ... #table #foamed
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
apical membrane of cells ... Family history of hypokalemia ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment