14 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Peripheral Smear ... Marrow Failure • Chronic ... smear • Bone marrow ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
smear or on bone ... • Peripheral smear ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Peripheral Smear ... → Refer to hematology ... : Acute blood loss ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... • Infections: Chronic
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
vasculitis • Hematologic ... criteria for 1) hematologic ... including peripheral blood ... myeloid cells ... NEJM Review: https
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Chronic Lymphocytic ... • Peripheral smear ... Lymphocytosis: Absolute blood ... diagnosis #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Algorithm Normal Blood ... Smear • Drugs ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Macrocytosis, Target Cells ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Schistocytes - The arrows point to schistocytes which are fragmented red blood cells. Also called schizocytes,
fragmented red blood ... In the right photo ... hemolytic- uremic syndromes ... Path #BloodSmear #Blood ... #Smear #Schistocytes
Some of the techniques used for Antenatal Diagnosis

Amniocentesis 
 - Chromosome/micro-array and DNA analysis 
 -
— PCR Fetal blood ... transfusion Chorionic ... genetic analysis of cells ... surgery, e.g. laser photo-coagulation ... transfusion syndrome
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
Chronic Lymphocytic ... • Peripheral smear ... lymphocytes, smudge cells ... Lymphocytic #Leukemia #oncology ... #hematology #hemeonc
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... result from low blood ... Aplastic #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis