10 results
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... Gas Analysis 1. ... 2. pCO2 - What’s ... nickmmark #acidbase #workup ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Interpretation: 1. ... mmol/L Step 1 ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Hyperosmolar states ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Increased K Intake: 1. ... Medications 2. ... #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... in the urine 1. ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Hyperosmolar states ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Increased K Intake: 1. ... Medications 2. ... #nephrology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Causes: 1. ... Spinal injuries 2. ... hypercoagulable states ... Toxic Metabolic: ... differential #algorithm
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
localized) 1. ... of the spinal cord ... leukodystrophies 2. ... toxins: Steroids, Statins ... dystrophies Work
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
• Prevalence: 1- ... associated with DM-1, ... brain and spinal cord ... muscles) • Wide based ... antibody that works
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
common causes (see 2- ... boluses 10 ml.kg-1 ... monitoring of: core ... with dantrolene Hyperkalaemia ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup