11 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
recessive salt-losing ... prevalence of 1- ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... kaliuresis step 1 ... #kaliuresis #management ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... Hypernatremia #Management ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... lactulose (peaks 1- ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypokalemic salt-losing ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #management #pathophysiology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... in 4 mL) - IV sodium ... #Algorithm #Management ... Acute #Chronic #treatment ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... reabsorption) Workup ... 5-10U reg IV + 1- ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
boluses 10 ml.kg-1 ... with dantrolene Hyperkalaemia ... hyperventilate, sodium ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management ... #Workup
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... Treatment: Treatment ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Diagnosis and Management ... • Prevalence: 1- ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... #treatment #neurology