14 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Ketones • Leukocyte ... • Urinary casts ... : • White blood ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase ... #urine #UNa #casts
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
the peripheral blood ... Blast cells - Blood ... Headaches, bone pain, fever ... Lymphadenopathy • HSM • Fevers ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
in tone; severe cases ... invade URT & via hematologic ... causes CNS and hematologic ... disseminates in blood ... viremia causes fetal blood
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
presence of protein, blood ... or leukocyte esterase ... up by cells or casts ... and condenser focus ... protein matrix of casts
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Product Types: • Leukocyte ... S/sx: Fever, flank ... pain, dark urine ... proteins on plts, leukocytes ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
S/sx: Fever, flank ... pain, dark urine ... proteins on plts, leukocytes ... Sx include: fever ... diagnosis #management #hematology
ANTI-MDA5 DERMATOMYOSITIS

Cutaneous manifestations:
• Periorbital heliotrope (blue-purple) rash with edema
• Erythematous rash on the face, or the
Dermatomyositis • Fever ... onset [33-74%] • Blood ... Women • ~20% of cases ... Men • ~50% of cases ... Women • ~30% of cases
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
of peripheral blood ... leukocytes. ... cultures, including blood ... tachycardia or fever ... neutrophil #WBC #CBC #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... sensitize red blood ... Symptoms: High fevers ... passage of red-brown urine ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... Muscle swelling - Fever ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine