171 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinalysis & Urine ... exclusively on urine ... proteinuria as a disease ... • Ketones • Leukocyte ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
and Treatment ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment: Treatment ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Treatment
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Hypernatremia ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... Dehydration: neurologic disease
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... of glomerular disease ... • Leukocytes ... contamination #Urine
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment ... of Hyponatremic ... May repeat until clinical ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... Hypertonic #Saline #Treatment
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... urethra), stagnant urine ... systems, or stagnant urine ... Tenderness - Urine ... (+) Nitrites, Leukocyte
Urinary Casts in the setting of renal disease
#Clinical #Nephro #Urine #Microscopy #Casts #Comparison #Chart #ATN #AIN
setting of renal disease ... #Clinical #Nephro ... #Urine #Microscopy
“Step by Step” – the new kid on the block – aims to risk stratify this
investigations and treatments ... >21 days - No leukocytes ... in urine - Procalcitonin
Electrolyte imbalances are common findings in many diseases. The kidney is a principally responsible organ for
findings in many diseases ... create a complex clinical ... @DharSaty #Hyponatremia ... hypophosphatemia #hypernatremia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... disease 2. ... hour with goal urine