20 results
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
of peripheral blood ... leukocytes. ... cultures, including blood ... predictive of a serious infection ... #pathophysiology
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Irritable bowel syndrome ... Parasitic infections ... disease - Fecal leukocytes ... and occult blood ... Chronic #Diarrhea #management
Pathogenesis of meningitis 

Risk factors for pathogen entry include immunocompromised state (HIV positive, cancer, chemotherapy patients,
site-specific infections ... changes in the blood ... expression of more leukocyte ... cell (WBC) binding ... #Meningitis #Pathophysiology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Syndromes - OnePager ... Renal Syndromes ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... reveals increasing blood ... differential #diagnosis #management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Imaging: CXR- pulmonary ... Differential Diagnosis: Infection ... APML #diagnosis #management
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
Intraoperative Sepsis ... ≥ 4mmol.l-1 if infection ... gas, lactate, FBC ... Discuss ongoing management ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Product Types: • Leukocyte ... proteins on plts, leukocytes ... • Infection - ... Infection occurs ... Transfusions #diagnosis #management
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... Idiopathic • Infections ... • ↓ WBC • ↓ ... result from low blood ... hematology #diagnosis #management
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... response preceding infection ... - NORMAL CSF WBC ... #diagnosis #management
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ... Diagnosis and Management ... Diarrhea (>3 BM/d) ± blood ... pain, Fever, ↑WBC ... Perforation) Pathophysiology