11 results
Severe Left Atrial Enlargement on Echocardiogram
Have you ever seen a left atrium this big!?!? 
LA diameter
Severe Left Atrial ... seen a left atrium ... diameter > 7 cm and ... #Severe #Cardiology ... Clinical #POCUS #A4C
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... risk factors: cardiomyopathy ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
left atria, the ... • Digoxin level ... cardioversion 2. ... AFib #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... (a4c) It belongs ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... night sweats, fever ... • Left sided > Right ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Management Summary ... anatomic shunt (Type 2) ... Microbubbles appear in left ... cycles after right atrial ... blood gas (ABC)
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
lung disease, left ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... ventricular septum 2) ... hemodynamics Liver ... Hypertension #diagnosis #management
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... to right shunt 2. ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
with end-stage liver ... >LAP as atrial septum ... shifts left ... clinical #pocus #a4c ... intrapulmonary #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
or family - Ever ... algorithm to determine ... one post op Cardiology ... CARP, DECREASE V trials ... surgical management