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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... • CT: Halo sign ... • Fever, weight ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR, CT ... Inflammation (e.g., fever ... #Pneumonia #Venn ... #Pulmonolary
Causes of Acute Pediatric Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Fever, No Tachypnea
 - Normal Chest Auscultation
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm No Fever ... Tachypnea - Normal Chest ... Fever, Tachypnea ... #Algorithm #Causes
Signs of Pulmonary Hypertension on Chest CT
 • Main PA is dilated and larger than the
CT • Main PA ... midline at the level ... PHTN #ChestCT #CTChest ... #Radiology #cardiology ... #diagnosis
COVID-19 Patterns of Lung Findings on Chest CT
1. Reverse Halo Sign
2. ARDS
3. Crazy-Paving Pattern
4. Bilateral Peripheral
CT 1. ... Organizing Pneumonia ... Patterns #Lung #Pulmonary ... #ChestCT #radiology ... #CTChest #diagnosis
Feeding Vessel Sign on Chest CT
 • Distinct pulmonary vessel leading into a lung nodule or
CT • Distinct ... pulmonary vessel ... #Vessel #Sign #CT ... #diagnosis #radiology ... #clinical
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Algorithm Benign ... Pregnancy • Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever
Eosinophilic Pneumonia
When to suspect Eosinophilic Pneumonia? Non-resolving pneumonia + BAL > 25% eosinophils + excluded more
excluded more common diagnoses ... tobacco hx - Fever ... Dyspnea+, Pleuritic Chest ... Consolidations AKA "inverse pulmonary ... #diagnosis #pulmonary
Halo Sign on Chest CT
 • SPN or mass surrounded by a circumferential GGO
 • DDx:
CT • SPN or mass ... #Halo #Sign #CT ... #Lung #Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #radiology ... #clinical
Approach to Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
 • Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (< 1 wk) - ~30yo, M; Recent
initiation of smoking; Fever ... brown sputum, fever ... Travel hx, food hx; Fever ... #differential #diagnosis ... #comparison #table