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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
loss, lethargy, fever ... • Fever, weight ... be normal • Fever ... : • (Fever, weight ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Interstitial pneumonias
An acute reticular pattern is most frequently caused by interstitial edema due to cardiac heart
Interstitial pneumonias ... PCP Mycoplasma pneumonia ... cough and some fever ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #PJP #RadiologyAssistant
Fever in Returning Travelers from Tropical Regions - Frequent Differential Diagnoses
Medical History:
 • Skin exposure to
Fever in Returning ... , Dengue fever, ... Cough, dyspnea - Pneumonia ... melioidosis, typhoid, pulmonary ... eosinophilia - Tropical pulmonary
Central distribution is seen in sarcoidosis and cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Peripheral distribution is mainly seen in cryptogenic
and cardiogenic pulmonary ... chronic eosinophilic pneumonia ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #HRCT ... Central #Peripheral #RadiologyAssistant
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
Lobar pneumonia ... with cough and fever ... Pulmonary hemorrhage ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology ... Consolidation #Causes #RadiologyAssistant
Approach to Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
 • Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (< 1 wk) - ~30yo, M; Recent
initiation of smoking; Fever ... brown sputum, fever ... Travel hx, food hx; Fever ... Lung #Diseases #pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #comparison
Non-Resolving Pneumonias: Etiologies
Unusual Infections:
 - Immunocompromised patients (e.g.: Mycobacterium, Aspergillosis, Nocardia)
 - Endemic Fungi (e.g.: Histoplasmosis,
Non-Resolving Pneumonias ... yersinia/rats, Q fever ... Others: - Pulmonary ... #NonResolving #Pneumonia ... #diagnosis #pulmonary
On the left a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.
It was a patient with low-grade fever, progressive
chronic eosinophilic pneumonia ... with low-grade fever ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #Eosinophilic #Pneumonia ... EosinophilicPneumonia #RadiologyAssistant
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ... of organizing pneumonia ... cough, dyspnea, fever ... , Pulmonary lymphoma ... #COP #BOOP #pulmonary
Lobar consolidation
The most common presentation of consolidation is lobar or segmental.
The most common diagnosis is lobar
diagnosis is lobar pneumonia ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant