37 results
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
• Clinical: fever ... , ↓ Fibrinogen level ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: • ... #summary #rheumatology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
can mimic common infections ... following: • Fever ... lymph node, or liver ... : • Infection ... #hematology
Conditions Associated With Hyperferritinemia 
DDx of extreme hyperferritinemia >10,000
Not just HLH - in fact, most common
fact, most common causes ... Liver disease 3. ... Transfusion - Liver ... - Malignancy—Hematologic ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hyperferritinemia - Differential Diagnosis
Ferritin > 1000
Ferritin is the storage form of iron. Increased hepcidin
is made in the liver ... Infection -16% ... HLH or Adult Onset ... Infection - 46% ... Hematologic Malignancy
Algorithm regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Hereditary Hemochromatosis HH. 

Step 1: In the patient with
diagnosis and treatment ... symptoms, elevated liver ... is >1,000 μg/L, liver ... A liver biopsy can ... of liver disease
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
disease • Periodic fever ... multiorgan failure • Fever ... - Nonremitting fever ... thrombocytopenia • Liver ... ALT ↑ bilirubin level
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
SLE) - Viral infections ... deficiency • Liver ... APLS • Acute Infectious ... mountain spotted fever ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Kerion
Raised, boggy lesion with heaped up purulent nodules 
Caused by host's response to a fungal ringworm
purulent nodules Caused ... fungal ringworm infection ... Hair loss • Fever ... Lymphadenopathy Treatment ... Griseofulvin #Kerion #Dermatology
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
common route of infection ... • Prodrome: fever ... • Autopsy PCR Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #microbiology #infectiousdiseases
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Drug Induced Liver ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... for alternative causes ... Alcohol-related liver ... #DrugInduced #Liver