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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
loss, lethargy, fever ... • Fever, weight ... be normal • Fever ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Interstitial pneumonias
An acute reticular pattern is most frequently caused by interstitial edema due to cardiac heart
Interstitial pneumonias ... cough and some fever ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Acute #Interstitial ... #Pneumonia #PJP
A Non-Invasive approach to Respiratory Failure
 • COPD and Ventilatory Failure → NiPPV with Bi-level Settings
NiPPV with Bi-level ... Settings • CHF ... / Pulmonary Edema ... NiPPV CPAP or Bi-level ... Settings • Pneumonia
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary ... Diseases - Pneumonia ... Emphysema - Pulmonary ... #Diseases #Radiology ... Patterns #Lung #CXR
Non-Resolving Pneumonias: Etiologies
Unusual Infections:
 - Immunocompromised patients (e.g.: Mycobacterium, Aspergillosis, Nocardia)
 - Endemic Fungi (e.g.: Histoplasmosis,
Non-Resolving Pneumonias ... yersinia/rats, Q fever ... Others: - Pulmonary ... infarction/PE, CHF ... #NonResolving #Pneumonia
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
of organizing pneumonia ... cough, dyspnea, fever ... - Imaging: • CXR ... , Pulmonary lymphoma ... #COP #BOOP #pulmonary
Diagnostic algorithm for a child or adolescent with suspected pulmonary hypertension. CHD, congenital heart disease; CPET,
with suspected pulmonary ... CHD, congenital ... thromboembolic pulmonary ... hypertension; CXR ... disease; LFT, liver
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
and other non-pulmonary ... Lobar pneumonia ... Pulmonary hemorrhage ... with low oxygen level ... #CXR #Lobar #Consolidation
Lobar consolidation
The most common presentation of consolidation is lobar or segmental.
The most common diagnosis is lobar
diagnosis is lobar pneumonia ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
this patient have pneumonia ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... Inflammation (e.g., fever ... procalcitonin) - Pulmonary ... #Pneumonia #Venn