8 results
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... • Severe liver ... #Metformin #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 # ... diabetes #endocrinology
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
insulin by ~20% • Never ... insulin dose for renal ... #Mellitus #DM2 ... #Medications #pharmacology ... comparison #table #endocrinology
The “twin cycles” of diabetes, first introduced by Roy Taylor in 2008.  
#fatty liver #fatty
twin cycles” of diabetes ... #fatty liver #fatty ... #t2d #dm2 #insulin ... resistance #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... • Low-grade fever ... Androgens: • Symptoms ... physical: - Symptoms ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
DPP4 Inhibitors - Normal and Renal Dosing

Increase Incretins (GLP-I & GIP) -> Stimulates Insulin, Inhibits Glucagon
Inhibitors - Normal and Renal ... patients have renal ... #Dosing #Pharmacology ... #Management #Diabetes ... #DM2 #Endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology ... #diabetes
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... day vs. 2.5 mg/m2 ... Subacute-Acute: • Common: fever ... Diagnosis: >3 symptoms ... Anaphylaxis, Acute Renal
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... Low phosphorus level ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology