31 results
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
 • Introduction
 • Classification
 • Pathophysiology of TAPVR
 • Presentation
Total Anomalous Pulmonary ... PVO Present • Diagnosis ... Classic “snowman sign ... #management #cardiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... Inflammation (e.g., fever ... symptoms (e.g., ... chest pain) and signs
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... pulmonary TB PE ... tissue damage - CXR ... for concomitant pulmonary
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms ... #treatment #MS
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... and symptoms: ... Symptomatic anemia Diagnosis ... if neutropenic fever ... #management #treatment
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
, dyspnea, +/- CXR ... - 80% have fever ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
and Management ... e.g. incidental CXR ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Usually ... be present or signs ... data • Early treatment ... #management
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... #management #cardiology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
: HLH signs and ... symptoms can mimic ... following: • Fever ... • Bicytopenia Treatment ... #management #treatment