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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
loss, lethargy, fever ... : • 3 syndromes ... • Fever, weight ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Bilateral B-Lines in case of Pneumonia on Lung POCUS

Young healthy pt with fever/dyspnea. POCUS lung exam
in case of Pneumonia ... healthy pt with fever ... /lung sliding: Pulmonary ... RJonesSonoEM #BLines ... POCUS #clinical #ultrasound
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
cough, dyspnea, fever ... pattern, irregular lines ... , Pulmonary lymphoma ... Treatment: • ... #COP #BOOP #pulmonary
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... Associated Lung Ultrasound ... pleura reflection) Pneumonia ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... #Lung #POCUS #ultrasound
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
this patient have pneumonia ... based on three lines ... e.g., CXR, CT, ultrasound ... Inflammation (e.g., fever ... #Pneumonia #Venn
Pneumonia on Lung Ultrasound looks like this: 
A-lines replaced by B-lines in an irregular stepladder appearance
Pneumonia on Lung ... Ultrasound looks ... jchristianfox #Pneumonia ... clinical #pocus #ultrasound ... #lung #pulmonary
COVID-19 Findings on Lung ultrasound
 - Thickened pleural line
 - B lines (multifocal, discrete, or confluent)
Findings on Lung ultrasound ... Thickened pleural line ... alveolar interstitial syndrome ... patients with pulmonary ... COVID19 #Lung #ultrasound
Lung POCUS: Irregular pleural line with patchy B-lines. Seen in viral (including COVID19) and bacterial pneumonia.
and bacterial pneumonia ... had mycoplasma pneumonia ... #Viral #Pneumonia ... #Lung #POCUS #Pulmonary ... #Ultrasound #Clinical
Lung POCUS: Irregular, thickened pleural line with diffuse B-lines and subpleural consolidation.  Seen in viral
and bacterial pneumonia ... RJonesSonoEM #BLines ... #Viral #Pneumonia ... #Lung #POCUS #Pulmonary ... #Ultrasound #Clinical
Summary of Infections in which Steroids play a role in treatment
 • TB meningitis
 • TB
play a role in treatment ... Severe Pneumocystis pneumonia ... • COVID-19 pneumonia ... Severe typhoid fever ... • Ramsay Hunt syndrome