23 results
Limb Lead Reversal
In order to understand why the leads look the way they do, we must
As for the aVL/aVF ... /aVF/aVR are all ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #ECG ... #EKG #LimbLeads ... #aVR #aVF
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Osmotic Diuretics (e.g ... Loop Diuretics (e.g ... 4) Thiazides (e.g ... spironolactone) #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Nephron
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... ) Loop agents (eg ... Adenosine #Nephron #Pathophysiology ... Sites #Action #nephrology
Visual Guide to AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia (AVNRT) - Pathophysiology
 - Dual AV nodal physiology is
Visual Guide to AV ... Tachycardia (AVNRT) - Pathophysiology ... lead II, Ill or aVF ... ECG usually shows ... Tachycardia #AVNRT #Pathophysiology
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... - Congenital (e.g ... HHT), Acquired (e.g ... Systemic Vasdilation, AV ... HeartFailure #CHF #Pathophysiology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
• Increased AVP ... syndrome #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
by: - drugs (e.g ... neurodegenerative disorders (eg ... Pathophysiology: ... PhysicalExam #clinical #neurology
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Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
gene encoding AVP-NPII ... metastases, Infection (e.g ... Metabolic causes (e.g ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
alpha-1 blockers (e.g ... -5 inhibitors (e.g ... anticholinergics (e.g ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #Urology
BRASH Syndrome

B - Bradycardia
R - Renal failure
A - AV nodal blockade
S - Shock
H - Hyperkalemia

Typical ECG
Renal failure A - AV ... Hyperkalemia Typical ECG ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology