29 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Likely Metabolic Alkalosis ... Adenoma • Remote Diuretics ... - Loop or Thiazides ... - Loop or Thiazides ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... • Normal/low ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Ascites Management Principles
Low Salt Diet - 2000 Mg Sodium
Fluid Restriction - Never
Work-horse Diuretic - Aldosterone Antagonist
Combination
Management Principles Low ... Restriction - Never Work-horse ... Diuretic - Aldosterone ... Antagonist Combination Diuretics ... - Add-on Loop Diuretics
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... vomiting) • Low ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes #Workup