7 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretics, and ... Postobstructive diuresis ... (mimics loop diuretic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
vomiting/ nasogastric suction ... • Thiazide or loop ... diuretics after ... renal tubule diuretic ... diuretics actively
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
with thiazide diuretic ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... Surreptitious diuretic ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Heart Failure (HFrEF) Treatment - GDMT for stage C 

For patients with Heart Failure with REDUCED
Failure (HFrEF) Treatment ... edema then add on loop ... diuretics. ... /ambcarerx #CHF ... #HFrEF #Pharmacology